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Catalytic combustion principle
2021-09-17
Do you know the basic principle of catalytic combustion? Let the catalytic combustion manufacturer Tangshan Lantian Aoyu Technology Co., Ltd. tell you
Catalytic combustion relies on catalysts to complete the oxidation of organic matter at low temperatures (200-400 ℃), resulting in low energy consumption, simple operation, safety, and high purification efficiency. It is widely used in the purification of organic waste gas, especially in industries such as chemical engineering, painting, insulation materials, enameled wires, and coating production, with many standardized equipment available for selection.
1、 Catalytic principle and equipment composition
(1) Catalyst definition: A catalyst is a substance that can increase the rate of chemical reaction, manipulate the direction of reaction, and maintain its chemical properties unchanged before and after the reaction.
(2) The mechanism of catalytic effect The mechanism of catalytic effect is a very complex issue, and here we will only provide an introduction. In a chemical reaction process, the addition of catalyst does not change the original chemical equilibrium, but only the speed of chemical reaction. The nature of catalyst itself does not change before and after the reaction. So, how did the catalyst accelerate the reaction speed? If the catalyst has not changed before and after the reaction, has the catalyst participated in the reaction? In fact, the catalyst itself participates in the reaction, which changes the original pathway of the reaction, reduces the activation energy of the reaction, and then accelerates the reaction speed. For example, the reaction A+B → C is formed through the transition of the central active binding compound (AB), namely:
A+B→[AB]→C
Its response speed is relatively slow. After adding catalyst K, the reaction is completed in a very simple way:
A+B+2K→[AK]+[BK]→[CK]+K→C+2K
The center no longer requires a transition from [AB] to C, and then accelerates the reaction speed without altering the properties of the catalyst.
(3) The process of catalytic incineration consists of different emission scenarios and exhaust gases, with different process flows. But regardless of which process is adopted, it is composed of the following process units.
① Waste gas pretreatment In order to prevent the blockage of the catalyst bed and catalyst poisoning, it is necessary to pretreat the waste gas before entering the bed to remove the dust, droplets and catalyst poisons in the waste gas.
② The preheating equipment includes exhaust gas preheating equipment and catalyst incinerator preheating equipment. Because catalysts have a catalytic activity temperature, which is called the catalyst ignition temperature for catalytic incineration. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the exhaust gas and bed reaches the ignition temperature before catalytic incineration can proceed. Therefore, it is necessary to set up preheating equipment. However, in situations where the exhaust gas itself has a high temperature, such as enameled wires, insulation materials, baking paint, etc., and the temperature can reach 300 ℃ or above, preheating equipment is not required.
The hot gas heated by the preheating equipment can be obtained by using a heat exchanger and laying pipes inside the bed. The heat source of the preheater can be flue gas or electric heating, and currently there are many options for electric heating. After the catalytic reaction begins, try to preheat the exhaust gas with the recovered reaction heat as much as possible. In situations with high reaction heat, waste heat recovery equipment should also be installed to save energy.
The temperature of the heat source for preheating exhaust gas generally exceeds that of the catalyst
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